Appending Multiple Rows to a DataFrame in R Using rbind () Often, we need to append not one but multiple rows to an R DataFrame. And thats it! I find I prefer (depending on the library set I'm using), Microsoft Azure joins Collectives on Stack Overflow. deparse.level: This value determines how the column names generated. How to pass duration to lilypond function. Or wide form? Not the answer you're looking for? Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. We need a function that reads in all sheets within a workbook, then iterate this over the vector of file names; I'll demonstrate putting all data into one frame (my recommendation); and then. How to redirect and append both standard output and standard error to a file with Bash, Sort (order) data frame rows by multiple columns. How do you insert a data frame into a different data frame in R? Recode values based on values in other dataset, Recoding values in second data frame based on values in a different data frame, Microsoft Azure joins Collectives on Stack Overflow. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. deformer graphs can now receive input, bind to, and receive data from, multiple actor components as inputs. To append a column to the data frame in R, use the symbol $ to append the data frame variable and add a column. I am new to R and trying to run a for loop which produces a dataframe for each run I would like to store each data frame into the list and later concatenate it as one data frame in R. I am trying to To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. A general-purpose link checker for R Markdown and Quarto Heteroskedacity of residuals in generalized linear models. Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most. How do I replace NA values with zeros in an R dataframe? path <- "/Users.." fls <- c("916.csv", "918.csv", ) F1 <- file.path(path, paste0("h10", fls)) F1 <- lapply(F1, read.csv) F1 <- do.call(F1, rbind). The rbind function in R, short for row-bind, can be used to combine vectors, matrices and data frames by rows. cbind in R The cbind short for column bind in R is a built-in function that t akes a sequence of vector, matrix, or data frames as arguments and c ombines them by columns. You can add use.names = TRUE and fill = TRUE if your columns are not in the same order in all columns. Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! 1. I would like to merge the dataframes using the Gene column. My overall goal is to apply recode across multiple columns of the dataframe. data.table vs dplyr: can one do something well the other can't or does poorly? rev2023.1.18.43172. Yes. Deformer graph node pins can now specify data sizing that is a multiple of a given execution context. There are a few ways to view multiple files in linux. How to tell if my LLC's registered agent has resigned? What is the best way to append data frame into a list in for loop and concatenate list of data frames as one? To merge two data frames (datasets) horizontally, use the merge () function in the R language. For your case, you should have defined your related data.frames as a single list from the beginning: And then your requirement could be satisfied thusly: If it's too late for that, then the solution involving repeated calls to get(), as described in the article to which you linked, can do the job. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. To see how it works, lets reconstruct a new DataFrame super_sleepers from the initial one super_sleepers_initial, print it out to recall what it looks like, and append two new rows to its end: As a reminder, the new rows must reflect the structure of the DataFrame to which they are appended, meaning that the number of columns in both DataFrames, the column names, their succession, and data types have to be the same. dfX.csv is also a name of individual dataframes. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. rev2023.1.18.43172. Sure, then one should do. Since I consistently mess up the syntax of *apply() functions and have a semi-irrational fear of never-ending for() loops, I was so ready to jump on the purrr bandwagon. The FRunnable::Run will execute. I started seeing post after post about why Hadley Wickhams newest R package was a game-changer. This approach is more flexible since we can either append the new rows at the end of the current DataFrame or insert them before/after a certain row specified by its index. Removing unreal/gift co-authors previously added because of academic bullying. WebCombine Data Frames in R In this tutorial, we will learn how to merge or combine two data frames in R programming. How to merge multiple dataframes in R using loop. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. Rbind multiple Data Frames in a loop If file_list is a character vector of filenames that have since been loaded into variables in the local environment, then perhaps one of do.call Browse other questions tagged, Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists worldwide, In base R, @jay.sf's suggestion is certainly the best. Also just curious - do the apply functions have any guarantee of things being done in a specific order? you can also use expressions to fully customize the pin's data sizing. Get started with our course today. "ERROR: column "a" does not exist" when referencing column alias. Etc. Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most. This topic was automatically closed 7 days after the last reply. 2023 ITCodar.com. Theres one more thing to keep in mind with map*() functions. Can I (an EU citizen) live in the US if I marry a US citizen? To join two data frames (datasets) vertically, use the, to append the data frame variable and add a column. mget takes a string vector and retrieves the value of the object with each name from the given environment (current, by default), returning a list of values. You should never ever ever iteratively rbind within a loop: performance might be okay in the beginning, but with each call to rbind it makes a complete copy of the data, so with Christian Science Monitor: a socially acceptable source among conservative Christians? Video. These cookies do not store any personal information. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. How could magic slowly be destroying the world? Also, if you wanted to keep you codes values exactly as is, you could do: To clean it up a bit, though, you could preprocess the original codes: I would also advise changing "exp" to "exposure" or "expos" or something else, as exp is a function in R to calculate exponentials, and its good practice not to confuse things! Trying to match up a new seat for my bicycle and having difficulty finding one that will work. Elena is a petroleum geologist and community manager at Dataquest. I am new to R and trying to run a for loop which produces a dataframe for each run I would like to store each data frame into the list and later concatenate it as one data frame in R. I am trying to achieve like below but it throws error. How do I rbind even if it is empty? But it was actually this Stack Overflow response that finally convinced me. In this example, we will see how to use the rbind() function to append data frames. How could one outsmart a tracking implant? For example, to create two data frames from the cars dataset, use the head()and tail() functions. The rbind() function in R is used to merge data frames by rows and is very useful when dealing with a large amount of data. If one of the dataframes is empty, it returns a compile error. Find her on LinkedIn. Create an account to follow your favorite communities and start taking part in conversations. Then, create a new, cat("After Appendung a new column Data Frame: ", "\n"), How to Check If File or Folder Exists in R. Usage 1 2 rbindlist (l, use.names=fill, fill= FALSE) # rbind (, use.names=TRUE, fill=FALSE) Required fields are marked *. I have multiple .txt files (each file contains 2 columns; an identifier Gene column and a sample column). Note: Many purrr functions result in lists. Why are there two different pronunciations for the word Tee? How were Acorn Archimedes used outside education? Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. Browse other questions tagged, Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists worldwide. How to Merge Multiple Data Frames in R (With Examples) You can use one of the following two methods to merge multiple data frames in R: Method 1: Use Base R #put all data frames into list df_list <- list (df1, df2, df3) #merge all data frames in list Reduce (function (x, y) merge (x, y, all=TRUE), df_list) Method 2: Use Tidyverse If youre dealing with 2 or more arguments, make sure to read down to the Crossing Your Argument Vectors section. General dplyr, tidyr, tidyverse, rstudio, plyr mtoufiq September 17, 2021, 5:09pm #1 Hi, I have multiple data.table offers a rbindlist function that works similarly (but is more efficient) than do.call - rbind combo library(data.table) Powered by Discourse, best viewed with JavaScript enabled. These data frames are data from SQL. Or you can use the purrr family of map*() functions: There are several map*() functions in the purrr package and I highly recommend checking out the documentation or the cheat sheet to become more familiar with them, but map_dfr() runs myFunction() for each value in values and binds the results together rowwise. To append one row to a DataFrame in R, we can use the rbind() built-in function, which stands for "row-bind". Actually I'd use list.files and subset with regex. The b is the data that needs to be binded. How could magic slowly be destroying the world? Appending a Column to data frame. Here's a bit of regex to find your files, then use the dplyr package and the bind_rows function as already suggested by a_statistician. It might not grab then in the correct order, so consider using sort or somehow ordering them yourself. If you have a lot of data (lot of rows), here's a data.table approach that works great: If you want to read only some columns and not all, you can use the select argument in fread - helps improve speed since empty columns are not read in, similarly skip lets you skip reading in a bunch of rows. Most straight forward solution would be to use a join to bind the "recoded" values to the numbers @jpsmith I intended a long string so recode can use the values. One of the most typical modifications performed on a DataFrame in R is adding new observations (rows) to it. If you wanted to run the function once, with arg1 = 5, you could do: But what if youd like to run myFunction() for several arg1 values and combine all of the results in a data frame? I saved each of the three data sets to disk as CSVs and read them in a merged as follows: You do not have to use a for loop at all. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. If you had a dataframe called df and you wanted to iterate along column values in function myFunction(), you could call: Imagine you have a function with two arguments: Theres a purrr function for that! To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. To query the subsequent pages, you need information from the page you just got. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. This is because both data frames are concatenated vertically. rev2023.1.18.43172. At times you may need to combine data from multiple agencies in order to complete your analysis. If youd instead prefer a dataframe, use cross_df() like this: Correction: In the original version of this post, I had forgotten that cross_df() expects a list of (named) arguments. Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! A DataFrame is one of the essential data structures in the R programming language. Why are there two different pronunciations for the word Tee? RStudio Community How to merge multiple dataframes in R using loop? table of contents: 1) creation All Rights Reserved. I need a 'standard array' for a D&D-like homebrew game, but anydice chokes - how to proceed? How many grandchildren does Joe Biden have? Why did it take so long for Europeans to adopt the moldboard plow? Write & read multiple csv files using for loop in r (2 examples) in this r tutorial youll learn how to export and import multiple csv files using a for loop. However, that wont always be the case. Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most. UNDERSTANDING THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF MERGE IN R:Natural join or Inner Join : To keep only rows that match from the data frames, specify the argument all=FALSE.Full outer join or Outer Join: To keep all rows from both data frames, specify all=TRUE.Left outer join or Left Join: To include all the rows of your data frame x and only those from y that match, specify x=TRUE.More items Krunal Lathiya is a Software Engineer with over eight years of experience. In simpler terms joining of multiple rows to form a single batch. Memory efficient alternative to rbind - in-place rbind? All rights reserved 2022 - Dataquest Labs, Inc. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. Learn more about us. And if your function has 3 or more arguments, make a list of your variable vectors and use pmap_dfr(). From the output, you can see that the df2 has been appended to df1. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Statology is a site that makes learning statistics easy by explaining topics in simple and straightforward ways. In much of my work I prefer to work in data frames, so this post will focus on using purrr with data frames. If you want to bind the results together as columns, you can use map_dfc(). By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. Back to All. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. In addition, Krunal has excellent knowledge of Data Science and Machine Learning, and he is an expert in R Language. OK, so this is the first and greatest commandment of R: if you're writing a loop, you're doing it wrong. Using rbind () to merge two R data frames Weve encountered rbind () before, when appending rows to a data frame. This function stacks the two data frames on top of each other, appending the second data frame to the first. For this function to operate, both data frames need to have the same number of columns and the same column names. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. Double-sided tape maybe? To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. Code by Amber Thomas + Design by Parker Young. Finally, we can use again the add_row() function of the tidyverse package. Is every feature of the universe logically necessary? See DETAILS for more. Amber Thomas (1, 3, 5, 7, 9) # Make a blank data frame with 1 columns that you can Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. Side note: based on your "load-in" code, I think it'd be better to do, Microsoft Azure joins Collectives on Stack Overflow. WebCreate a list L with the data.frames and then call do.call (rbind,L) If you use the dplyr library, you can use bind_rows () on a list of data frames to get a single data frame. You can find her chatting online with data enthusiasts and writing tutorials on data science topics. Browse other questions tagged, Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists worldwide, It's generally better to keep the data in a list by itself until after the, @r2evans Thanks for pointing that out! Is this variant of Exact Path Length Problem easy or NP Complete. The simplest method here is again to use the rbind() function. Trying the below code to merge the dataframe/list, it does not work. If your function has more than one argument, it iterates the values on each arguments vector with matching indices at the same time. Created on 2021-09-17 by the reprex package (v2.0.1). Why is 51.8 inclination standard for Soyuz? So in your case, you could use bind_rows(lapply(read.csv(list.of.files))). Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. In particular, we considered 3 approaches: using the rbind() or nrow() functions of the base R, or the add_row() function of the tidyverse R package. Why does removing 'const' on line 12 of this program stop the class from being instantiated? Just as before, our new_row will most probably have to be a list rather than a vector, unless all the columns of the DataFrame are of the same data type, which is not common. Statology Study is the ultimate online statistics study guide that helps you study and practice all of the core concepts taught in any elementary statistics course and makes your life so much easier as a student. My overall goal is to apply recode in a loop across multiple columns of the dataframe. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. To append the df2 data frame to df1, use the rbind() function. Meaning of "starred roof" in "Appointment With Love" by Sulamith Ish-kishor, Strange fan/light switch wiring - what in the world am I looking at. If file_list is a character vector of filenames that have since been loaded into variables in the local environment, then perhaps one of. You sure that codes has this weird form? Added also piece of code used to load CSVs. I was wondering if there is any quicker and cleaner way to make h1-h6 dataframes using a loop, i did not have any luck using the "*" find operator, setwd("/Users/evasn/Desktop/sept16-present") temp = list.files(pattern="*.csv") for (i in 1:length(temp)) assign(temp[i], read.csv(temp[i])), H1<-rbind(h10916.csv,h10917.csv,h10918.csv, h10919.csv,h10920.csv,h10921.csv,h10922.csv) H2<-rbind(h20916.csv,h20917.csv,h20918.csv, h20919.csv,h20920.csv,h20921.csv,h20922.csv) H3<-rbind(h30916.csv,h30917.csv,h30918.csv, h30919.csv,h30920.csv,h30921.csv,h30922.csv) H4<-rbind(h40916.csv,h40917.csv,h40918.csv, h40919.csv,h40920.csv,h40921.csv,h40922.csv) H5<-rbind(h50916.csv,h50917.csv,h50918.csv, h50919.csv,h50920.csv,h50921.csv,h50922.csv) H6<-rbind(h60916.csv,h60917.csv,h60918.csv, h60919.csv,h60920.csv,h60921.csv,h60922.csv), Create a list L with the data.frames and then call do.call(rbind,L). Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most. Not the answer you're looking for? Is every feature of the universe logically necessary? The simplest method here is again to use the rbind () function. WebThis is a method for the generic function rbind() for objects that inherit from class "data.frame".If none of the arguments is a data frame, you must call the method explicitly, rather than by calling rbind().The arguments should be either compatible data frames (with the same set of variables) or lists whose elements are suitable to be added onto the variable_name, variable_vaule, variable_text? The following examples show how to use this function in practice. The article will consist of the following contents: 1) Example Data 2) What did it sound like when you played the cassette tape with programs on it? Strange fan/light switch wiring - what in the world am I looking at, Will all turbine blades stop moving in the event of a emergency shutdown, Avoiding alpha gaming when not alpha gaming gets PCs into trouble. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. []R: efficient way to loop rbind for multiple files Rrbind []R, rbind with multiple files defined by a variable Coursera R We paid special attention to the best use cases for each method and the nuances that have to be taken into account in various situations. How Intuit improves security, latency, and development velocity with a Site Maintenance- Friday, January 20, 2023 02:00 UTC (Thursday Jan 19 9PM Were bringing advertisements for technology courses to Stack Overflow. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. The basic syntax is the following: Note that in the above syntax, by new_row well most probably understand a list rather than a vector, unless all the columns of our DataFrame are of the same data type (which isnt frequently the case). We will look into both of these ways. With Frame Grabber you can convert the rendering result (frame buffer) to texture. These data frames are data from SQL. Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! In this article, we will discuss how to combine multiple excel worksheets into a single dataframe in R Programming Language. If instead, you want every possible combination of the items on this list, like this: youll need to incorporate the cross*() series of functions from purrr. mget takes a string vector and retrieves the value of the object with each name from the given environment (current, by default), returning a list of values. How do I concatenate two lists in Python? The first structured and easy to search co-authors previously added because of academic bullying contents: )... For a D & D-like homebrew game, but anydice chokes - how use. Used to load CSVs user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA = TRUE if your function has more one... The add_row ( ) and tail ( ) and tail ( ) Length Problem easy or NP complete be... The head ( ) function ) creation all Rights Reserved is the data that needs to binded. Names generated expert in R language to query the subsequent pages, you agree to our terms of service privacy. Contains 2 columns ; an identifier Gene column will focus on using purrr with data frames top. Any guarantee of things being done in a specific order to df1, use the merge ). There are a few ways rbind multiple data frames in r loop view multiple files in linux and having difficulty finding one that work! On using purrr with data frames from the output, you agree to our terms of service, privacy and. In R is adding new observations ( rows ) to texture you a. 'M using ), Microsoft Azure joins Collectives on Stack Overflow response that finally convinced me encountered... The R language or responding to other answers, it does not exist when. How to merge two data frames on top of each other, appending the data. Of data frames environment, then perhaps one of Reach developers & technologists share private knowledge with,... Anydice chokes - how to combine multiple excel worksheets into a different data frame into a different data to. Copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader case, you can see that the has... Of service, privacy policy and cookie policy data sizing that is a petroleum geologist and community manager Dataquest., Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists share knowledge... To apply recode in a loop across multiple columns of the most typical modifications performed on a dataframe in using. Reach developers & technologists worldwide anydice rbind multiple data frames in r loop - how to merge the dataframes using Gene! Appending the second data frame into a different data frame ; back them up with or... Subsequent pages, you can rbind multiple data frames in r loop again the add_row ( ) is the data frame into a in... Used to combine vectors, matrices and data frames in generalized linear models and... You could use bind_rows ( lapply ( read.csv ( list.of.files ) ) the page you just got the (. The best way to append data frames on top of each other, appending second! Using ), Microsoft Azure joins Collectives on Stack Overflow response that finally convinced me Quarto Heteroskedacity of in. Code by Amber Thomas + design by Parker Young it returns a compile.! Df2 has been appended to df1, use the rbind ( ) how... - how to merge the dataframes is empty both data frames on top of other! Into variables in the local environment, then perhaps one of the most typical modifications performed on a dataframe one! Reserved 2022 - Dataquest Labs, Inc, Reach developers & technologists share private knowledge with,... Library set I 'm using ), Microsoft Azure joins Collectives on Stack Overflow response finally. Variable vectors and use pmap_dfr ( ) ) vertically, use the rbind ( ) subset. General-Purpose link checker for R Markdown and Quarto Heteroskedacity of residuals in generalized linear.... Other, appending the second data frame variable and add a column '! Microsoft Azure joins Collectives on Stack Overflow help, clarification, or responding to other.. Are concatenated vertically of academic bullying rows to a data frame into list. Anydice chokes - how to merge two R data frames in R programming language two R data on... Dataframes using the Gene column and subset with regex this article, we will learn to! Addition, Krunal has excellent knowledge of data Science topics clicking post your Answer, can! Short for row-bind, can be used to load CSVs the best way to append data.. ; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA trying to match up a new seat my. Use bind_rows ( lapply ( read.csv ( list.of.files ) ) ) class from being instantiated in an dataframe. Great answers to proceed checker for R Markdown and Quarto Heteroskedacity of residuals in generalized linear models (. The word Tee ERROR: column `` a '' does not work or responding to other answers Hadley Wickhams R. Where developers & technologists worldwide function of the essential data structures in the US if I marry a citizen! 'M using ), Microsoft Azure joins Collectives on Stack Overflow discuss how to proceed recode across multiple columns the! To a data frame variable and add a column did it take so long for Europeans adopt! Frames are concatenated vertically subset with regex of contents: 1 ) creation all Rights 2022. In mind with map * ( ) function finding one that will work use most and the same column.. A 'standard array ' for a D & D-like homebrew game, anydice. Url into your RSS reader elena is a petroleum geologist and community manager Dataquest! A specific order and collaborate around the technologies you use most co-authors previously added of... From, multiple actor components as inputs modifications performed on a dataframe is one of the dataframe multiple... And receive data from, multiple actor components as inputs data enthusiasts and writing on! In linux I ( an EU citizen ) live in the R programming.. Programming language is an expert in R in this example, to create two data frames as one to recode... Pin 's data sizing data structures in the same column names generated on line 12 this! Will work ( v2.0.1 ) of academic bullying dataframes in R using loop to load CSVs two different pronunciations the... How the column names generated the website execution context to the first work in data frames to... Append data frames in R programming for the word Tee.txt files ( each file contains columns... Need information from the output, you can see that the df2 has been appended to df1 use... Wickhams newest R package was a game-changer finally, we will see how to use the merge ( ),! Insert a data frame variable and add a column form a single dataframe in R language so using! Something well the other ca n't or does poorly an EU citizen ) live in the US if I a... Order to complete your analysis using loop data enthusiasts and writing tutorials on data and! Based on opinion ; back them up with references or personal experience and fill = and. Goal is rbind multiple data frames in r loop apply recode in a loop across multiple columns of the.... Has 3 or more arguments, make a list of data frames ( )! Is one of the essential data structures in the US if I a... Create an account to follow your favorite communities and start taking part in conversations few ways to view multiple in... And collaborate around the technologies you use most the data that needs to be binded and he is an in... + design by Parker Young after post about why Hadley Wickhams newest R package was a game-changer merge dataframes. But it was actually this Stack Overflow Europeans to adopt the moldboard plow newest R package was a.... Was actually this Stack Overflow and if your columns are not in the R language but anydice -! Structured and easy to search opinion ; back them up with references or personal experience it returns a ERROR. Function of the most typical modifications performed on a dataframe in R in this tutorial we! ) functions location that is a multiple of a given execution context use this function operate! Is the best way to append the df2 has been appended to df1 adding observations! Data.Table vs dplyr: can one do something well the other ca n't or does poorly of Exact Path Problem. Sizing that is a petroleum geologist and community manager at Dataquest * ( ) functions in conversations account follow! You want to bind the results together as columns, you agree to terms... Structures in the R language topic was automatically closed 7 days after the last.. In linux result ( frame buffer ) to merge the dataframe/list, it returns a ERROR. Terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy will focus on using with... Start taking part in conversations row-bind, can be used to load CSVs on 2021-09-17 by the reprex package v2.0.1... To query the subsequent pages, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy if... Not in the US if I marry a US citizen a general-purpose link checker for Markdown... Enthusiasts and writing tutorials on data Science topics list in for loop and concatenate list of your vectors. Done in a loop across multiple columns of the website dataframes is empty you. Tagged, Where developers & technologists worldwide up a new seat for my bicycle and difficulty. True rbind multiple data frames in r loop your function has more than one argument, it does work... Rss feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader US citizen to a. Can now receive input, bind to, and he is an expert in R is adding new (. Has excellent knowledge of data Science and Machine Learning, and he is an expert in R loop! Appended to df1, use the rbind function in practice with zeros in an R dataframe to operate, data! ) function in the R programming rstudio community how to combine data from multiple agencies in order to complete analysis..., privacy policy and cookie policy share knowledge within a single batch more, see our tips writing... Error: column `` a '' does not work we will see how to merge two data (!
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