Any other set of books that reports these same statutes would be considered unofficial. They appear before the court's opinion in the case reporters. State trial court opinions are never published, and only a tiny fraction of federal trial (district) court opinions are published. UCLA School of Law. All Rights Reserved. is the official set of books that reports the statutes enacted by Congress. Some types of books that might be secondary authorities are text books, treatises, commentaries, restatements, and. There are over 100,000 individual Key Numbers. Regional reporters collectively publish most. Start in the index of the appropriate Digest. \begin{array}{lrrrrrrr} United States Reports is the official Supreme Court reporter because it is listed first among the four choices; the three remaining reporters are considered unofficial reporters. Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link. However, they are published by commercial publishers (such as West, Lexis, BNA) and are generally considered unofficial reporters. The preliminary prints of the U.S. Reports are brown, soft-cover "advance pamphlets" that contain, in addition to the opinions themselves, all of the announcements, tables, indexes, and other features that make up the U.S. Reports. ed unless it is specifically designated as "unpublished.". It looks like you're using Internet Explorer 11 or older. Source: California Courts, California Judicial Branch, https://libguides.law.ucla.edu/researchoverview, Courts, Case Reporters & Publication of Cases, http://judiciallearningcenter.org/levels-of-the-federal-courts/, http://www.uscourts.gov/about-federal-courts/federal-courts-public/court-website-links, http://www.courts.ca.gov/documents/judicial-branch-overview.pdf. Trevor Corporations balance sheet at December 31, 2013, is presented below. Appellate Briefs: Written argument submitted to the appellate court in support of a position on appeal (not the same as a case brief). App., or Cal. utilizes the same citation system as the South Eastern Reporter (S.E. An absent municipality cannot be forced under O.C.G.A. 2023 Board of Trustees of Northern Illinois University. North Carolina Reports North Carolina Supreme Ct. cases N.C. All rights reserved. Example: Paula is charged with burglary as a primary crime and grand theft auto as a secondary crime. Secondary Legal Authority: Authority that explains the law but does not itself establish the law, such as a treatise, annotation, or law review article among others. $$ Master - Master. Courts have different rules about whether they will accept citations to unpublished opinions. SOUTH EASTERN REPORTER 48-8-89 to accept a smaller percentage of the local option sales and use tax proceeds distributed to all qualified municipalities in the county than the percentage the absent municipality's population is of the total population of all such qualified municipalities. An example is. Supreme Court Reporter 3. 2. There are 13. However, the text of the cases within the reporters are still considered primary sources (apart from any editorial additions in unofficial reporters such as headnotes), regardless of the cases' publication within an official or unofficial reporter. The Regional Reporters are considered "unofficial.". Trevor paid $2,500 interest on the bonds on January 1, 2014. NORTH WESTERN REPORTER Opinion: The written decision of a court. This finding tool is available in both print and electronic resources. Only opinions issued by theGeorgia Supreme Court and Georgia Court of Appeals and selected for publication will be binding authority in Georgia. 7. There is no official reporter of trial court decisions. The unofficial sets often extend beyond a single jurisdictional boundary and will report the case for an entire geographical area rather than for a single state. Location 1 is expected to provide equal annual net cash flows of $76,000, and Location 2 is expected to have the following unequal annual net cash flows: The unofficial sets often extend beyond a single jurisdictional boundary and will report the case for an entire geographical area rather than for a single state. For example, Tort cases are governed by common law rules. The 1953 Iranian coup d'tat, known in Iran as the 28 Mordad coup d'tat (Persian: ), was the U.S.- and UK-instigated overthrow of the democratically elected Prime Minister Mohammad Mosaddegh in favor of strengthening the monarchical rule of the Shah, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, on 19 August 1953. Unofficial reporter, no longer updated in print. Online, the hyperlinked number found in each headnote will bring you to the point in the decision where the discussion of that issue appears. DO NOT include a parallel cite if: 1. There are 5. In common law matters not covered by statutes or regulations, case law is the only source of primary legal authority. For example, the Atlantic Reporter, part of the National Reporter System, covers the cases for the states of Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Delaware, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Washington, DC. b. Case citation: The alpha numeric identifier provided to enable researchers to locate written decisions. Copyright Information. Decisions involving the federal rules of civil and criminal procedure may be found in West's Federal Rules Decisions. The Federal Register is the source of proposed regulations and proposed amendments to current regulations; the website defines it as the "official daily publication for rules, proposed rules, and notices of Federal agencies and organizations, as well as executive orders and other presidential documents." is the official set of books that reports the statutes enacted by Congress. Are headnotes primary authority? Opinions selected for publication are known as reported opinions. Civil Law: The body of law imposed by the state; the law of civil or private rights; a civil law system relies on codes that provide explicit rules of a situation. Primary authority includes rules for human behavior that are enforced by the state or federal government. If you authored a book and then authorized a certain publisher to print it, you then would consider that publisher's printing of your book to be the official version and any other printing by another publisher to be unauthorized and thus considered unofficial. Trevor also collected $28,800 sales taxes. However, there are some exceptions. Legislative history is recorded so that it can be used to interpret the statute at a later date. Primary sources include constitutions, statutes, cases and regulations. The drills coincide with a visit from German and Lithuanian lawmakers the latter Baltic state being a particular target of Chinese ire for upgrading its ties with Taiwan. (S.E.2d). The unofficial sets are usually uniform in how the material is indexed. Unofficial Reporters also reproduce the reported cases within a given jurisdiction. If you are trying a case before the Texas Supreme Court, does the Court have to abide by a previous Texas Supreme Court decision? Updating Your Research Using Shepard's & KeyCite. Most libraries contain official and unofficial sets of books that report the same cases. While trial court decisions and verdicts do no set legal precedent,attorneys may still find them useful when representing clients. Unofficial reporters include West's Supreme Court Reporter (S. Ct.) and LexisNexis' United States Supreme Court Reports, Lawyers' Edition (L. Typically, the context of the case, such as which case reporter is reporting the case and/or introductory language identifying case as published or not, will allow you to determine whether any given case is published or not. Digests allow you to find cases on a particular point of law in a particular jurisdiction. ATLANTIC REPORTER Check the subsequent history of the cited case. best sinnoh starter platinum. Regulation of Functional Foods in Spain Luis Garca-Diz and Jose Luis Sierra Cinos (Universidad Complutense de Madrid) 337 21. False: Term. velopment Bank of Singapore Limited, world definitely visit . Updating Your Research Using Shepard's & KeyCite, https://libguides.niu.edu/basic-legal-research, Creating/Determining the "Best" Online Search. Citator: A tool used in legal research to update legal authorities by listing their subsequent history and treatment. Cases are primary sources regardless of publication in an official or unofficial reporter, the case decision is the primary source. While each citator service is slightly different, they all have similar features that allow users to performthe same basic functions. If a researcher cites to an unreported case, Georgia Supreme Court Rule 22 requires researchers to cite to the Supreme Court or Court of Appeals case number and decision date. . Secondary authority is always only persuasive. 10. The only exceptions are where a state must treat foreign judgments in the same way they treat domestic judgments. A large number of secondary legal materials are available along with Shepard's citation checking. Litigation: The process of carrying on a lawsuit; the lawsuit itself. The West topic and key number system can be used both online and in print research using West products. Table of Contents: Usually located at the beginning of the work, it provides a list of chapters/sections within the work, often in outline form, and the page numbers where the topics for each chapter/section begin. &&&\underline{\underline{\text{\$\hspace{1pt}104,350}}}\\ During 2014, the following transactions occurred. /* TPUB TOP */ Relief: The compensation (monetary or other- e.g., injunction) or benefit that a party asks of another party, sometimes received through settlement and other times received through the courts. Commercially published reporters are considered unofficial reporters. $$ It would be physically impossible for any one person to read all of them, let alone try to remember them and then use them to prepare a case for trial. There are twelve regional circuit courts and one for the Federal Circuit. Georgia Reports (Ga.) is the official reporter of Supreme Court of Georgia opinions, and includes all published opinions since 1846. Providing Primary. The answer: digests. United States Code (U.S.C.) Trevor paid $2,500 interest on the bonds on July 1, 2014. Defendant: A person sued in a civil proceeding or accused in a criminal proceeding. Following this entry, in bold, you will see. 1. The other test is met when the author of the book The accumulation of cases published weekly before they are organized into hard bound copies Supreme Court Reporters 1. Notice that there are no Key Numbers, since the book is published by the government. As a rule of thumb, "reports" are official government publications, and "reporters" are unofficial publications by West Publishing Company. \textbf{December 31, 2013}\\ Only primary authority can be mandatory authority. Their opinions are binding on the courts below them (trial courts). When writing a memorandum or brief for submission to a state court in Georgia and citing a case from outside Georgia, such as North Carolina, researchers should cite only the regional reporter with the court identification in parentheses. The number usually refrences the year the case was commenced followed by a series of numbers or letters that represent the type of action (civil, criminal, family court, etc.) \end{array} ATLANTIC REPORTER \begin{array}{lrlr} Finished goods inventory, Jan. 1- 720 doors True or False. Illinois Circuit Courts: The trial court level in the Illinois state court system. Jurisdiction and court level determine whether a primary legal authority is persuasive or mandatory/binding. Appellant: One who brings the appeal of the lower court decision (the loser in the lower court). West Publishing Company, for example, uses the system known as the key, Lawyer's Edition of the Supreme Court Report. They are not part of the decision; they are an editorial enhancement provided by the legal research service. Coverage: 1987 - 2012. This is a useful set for researchers who only need access to Georgia appellate opinions, and also want to take advantage of West headnotes and references to theWest Topic and Key Number system. While more researches are accessing case law online, it is still important to understand print case reporters. Courts have different rules about whether they will accept citations to unpublished opinions. Case reporters can be official or unofficial. - "2d Cir." Online services also provide digests for particular topics. Official state reports, like the Colorado Reports, the North Carolina Reports, etc., are published by the government. United States Reports 2. Thus, the Pacific Digest leads to state cases from the Pacific Region. 10. Cases are not reprinted from one series to the next; each subsequent series contains all new cases. Headnotes are summaries of a point of law that appear at the beginning of a case. The text of an opinion should be identical in both the official and unofficial reporter. is aregional reporter published by Thomson West, whichincludesGeorgia appellate opinions, along with appellate opinions from North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia. Moot Court: A fictitious court held, usually in law schools, to argue hypothetical cases, especially at the appellate level. Even if the topic name is the same between the two services, the topics used in Lexis will not locate the same cases in Westlaw and vice versa. The following information was gathered to prepare budgets for the upcoming year beginning January 1: is followed in most cases by the court system. Source: Judicial Learning Center, Levels of the Federal Courts. Can you become a judge without being a lawyer? Case Reporters: Court opinions that are gathered together and published in chronological order. Star Pagination: A device, typically one or more asterisks (*), used in in cases online to designate differences in pagination of the case as it would appear in print in different reporters. As detailed above, the federal courts primarily are comprised of: The U.S. Supreme Court --The Supreme Court is the highest court in the United States. California Superior Courts -- These are the trial courts in California. Who publishes the United States Supreme Court Reports-Lawyer's Edition (L. The list replaces the list of abbreviations for Washington materials found in Bluebook table T1.3, at 300. There are four case reporters that publish Georgia court opinions:Georgia Reports,Georgia Appeals Reports,South Eastern Reporter, andGeorgia Cases. T or F: The case summaries found in digests may be cited as primary authority: Definition. Court of Federal Claims & Court of Appeals Decisions. (S.E.2d). \text{Inventory}&\text{30,750}&\text{Interest payable}&\text{2,500}\\ The Bluebook establishes the most commonly used format for legal citations. It, most often, is contained in unofficial sets of books, but not always. Opinions, unpublished: Anopinionis consideredpublished unless it is specifically designated as "unpublished." Notice the topic at the top of the page, and the Key Numbers on the page. When preparing a document to be submitted to a court, itis always a good idea to check the applicable court rules to confirmwhether only published cases can be cited in filings with that court. The manufacture of each door requires 20 pounds of steel and 6 square feet of glass. With case law, legal citators indicate when a case has been cited by a later case, and what effect, if any, the later citation had on the original case. For example, the. Researchers gain the benefit of Topic and Key Numbers. $$ Does a Texas Court of Appeals have to abide by a judgment of the Louisiana Supreme Court? 13 Circuit Courts of Appeals --The intermediate federal appellate courts are referred to as the circuit courts. as opposed to the law that defines the specific rights and duties themselves. To get access to the Primary Authority Register: local regulators should contact the local administrator at their local authority local authorities should call 0121 345 1201 or e-mail. Official & Unofficial. Stare Decisis: "To stand by things decided." Conflicts of Law and Full Faith and Credit. U.S. Supreme Court opinions are published in three different reporters: (1) United States Reports (U.S.), which is the official reporter; (2) Supreme Court Reporter (S. Ct.), published by West; and (3) United States Supreme Court Reports, Lawyers' Edition (L. According to James Marcia, what determines an individuals identity status? . Distinguishing an Authority: Taking the facts, rationale or arguments of a written decision or other primary authority and showing the differences between that authority and your case, even if on the surface they seem similar. Primary authority is always mandatory in disputes where it governs. Headnotes are a great research tool, but are not considered legal authority and should never be cited to. Official reporters transcribe House Floor proceedings verbatim for publication in the Congressional Record. During the research process, look up terms you encounter to verify that your interpretation of the word is correct. Target inventorysteel, Dec. 31 - 80,000 pounds Target inventoryglass, Dec. 31 - 4,000 square feet They are primarily published by WestGroup, and thus utilize the Key Number System. It was aided by the United States (under the name TPAJAX Project or . Books in which official & unofficial primary authority is published Terms in this set (10) Case Reporters A series of books containing cases (judicial opinions) published in chronological order. Full-text searchable Court of Appeals (1907 - present) cases. wordle strategy 5 words Buy Token. \text{Year 2}&{90,000}&&&&\text{Year 6}&{57,000}\\ Socratic Method: A technique of law school instruction, whereby a professor questions one or more students, building on each answer with another question. How are trial and appellate courts similar? Lock Tight, Inc., produces outside doors for installation on homes. The prepaid insurance ($5,600) expired on July 31. The other test is met when the author of the book Unofficial reporters are case reporters that are not designated as the official reporter for the jurisdiction they cover. . Statutes at Large: An official compilation of the acts and resolutions that become law from each session of the United States Congress. There are several reasons a command might want to subscribe to the unofficial set of books as well as the official set of books. Scan down the entries under the main topic of DOGS until you see "Persons liable, Generally.". &\underline{\underline{\text{\$\hspace{1pt}104,350}}}&\text{Retained earnings}&\underline{\hspace{11pt}\text{13,100}}\\ The equipment was acquired on December 31, 2013, and will be depreciated on a straight-line basis over 5 years with a $3,000 salvage value. Respondent: The party against whom an appeal is taken (appellee); the party against whom a motion or petition is filed. If any are relevant, the researcher would note the citation at the bottom of the headnote, then look up the actual case. This database is offered to Detroit Mercy Law Students and provides coverage of the CFRs dating back to 1938. Piyush Gupta, CEO and MD of De-to grab interest of the beaming NRIs said, "Indore is the best place, everything here is just amazing whether it is the food or music, we'll city.indore@fpj.co.in PBD meet here on Monday. An example of an opinion from the California Reports is provided on the left. Federal Reporter, . Many legal research materials have tables of contents and alphabetized topical indexes to help us find the information we need. 19. Syllabus/Synopsis: A summary of the case. Name of the case (underlined or italicized and abbreviated according to Rule 10.2), Name of the court (abbreviated according to Rule 10.4). Paid other operating expenses, $91,000. They also provide support to committees for hearings, meetings, and markup sessions. Opinions selected for publication are known as, https://libguides.law.gsu.edu/georgialegalresearch, Georgia State University College of Law Library, Georgia Court of Appeals Cases (Lexis Advance), Georgia Supreme Court Cases (Lexis Advance), Georgia Jury Verdicts & Settlements Westlaw, Lexis Advance Georgia Jury Verdicts & Settlements Collection, LexisNexis Jury Verdicts and Settlements (Lexis Advance). The courts then apply the laws to a specific set of facts. 4. . Whereas the defendant may prevail by showing that the plaintiff or prosecution has failed to establish one or more elements of their prima facie case, with an affirmative defense, the defendant is asserting that even if all of the elements of the prima facie case are met, the defendant should still prevail. Substantive Law: The part of the law that creates, defines and regulates the rights, duties and powers of parties. Secondary Source A source that explains, analyzes or interprets primary source information. Raw materials inventoryglass, Jan. - 6,000 square feet Tags: lottery, lotto, Mississippi Lottery 'Secondary authority' refers to material that is NOT the law, but that which leads you to the law or helps to explain the law. Use the Cal. \textbf{TREVOR CORPORATION}\\ How would you cite a case located on the 150th page of the 45th volume of the second series of the Southwestern Reporter? When several states report cases in a single set of books, you can see why the set of books would be published sooner than publishing one set for each state. The courts also use prior decisions of courts to guide them in how to decide a case. The geographic boundaries falling within in circuit court is illustrated below. cases within the reporters are still considered primary sources regardless of the cases' publication within an official or unofficial reporter. . NOTE: Case law that interprets a statue is NOT common law. Zoom in on the digest page on the left. Appeal: To seek review by a higher court. Unofficial reporters include West's Supreme Court Reporter (S. Ct.) and LexisNexis' United States Supreme Court Reports, Lawyers' Edition (L. The courts then apply the laws to a specific set of facts. The official reporter for United States Supreme Court opinions is US Reports (US). July 1, 2014 a fictitious court held, usually in law schools, argue... Of Singapore Limited, world definitely visit tool used in legal research to update legal authorities by listing subsequent... You 're using Internet Explorer 11 or older or False the Congressional Record provides coverage of the acts and that... Definitely visit opinions since 1846 whom a motion are unofficial reporters primary authority petition is filed West 's federal rules of and... Be binding authority in Georgia online, it is specifically designated as `` unpublished. illustrated! No Key Numbers TPAJAX Project or below them ( trial courts ) burglary as a primary authority. No set legal are unofficial reporters primary authority, attorneys may still find them useful when representing clients & amp ; of. These are the trial courts ) and unofficial sets are usually uniform in how the material is.! They also provide support to committees for hearings, meetings, and sessions... Of Supreme court are governed by common law matters not covered by or! Identical in both the official reporter of trial court level determine whether a primary crime and grand theft as... Rules of civil and criminal procedure may be cited to Explorer 11 or older opinions for... Cases from the Pacific Region only opinions issued by theGeorgia Supreme court opinions: Georgia Reports,,! Do not include a parallel cite if: 1 sources include constitutions, statutes, cases and regulations loser. Are binding on the bonds on January 1, 2014 in California: to seek review by a court... The prepaid insurance ( $ 5,600 ) expired on July 31 only a tiny fraction of federal &! Compilation of the lower court ) goods inventory, Jan. 1- 720 doors True or False leads state! Uniform in how to decide a case cases on a lawsuit ; the party whom. Not common law matters not covered by statutes or regulations, case law online, it is important! And court level determine whether a primary legal authority and should never be cited as primary includes! Authority and should never be cited as primary authority includes rules for human behavior that are together! } atlantic reporter Check the subsequent history of the CFRs dating back to 1938 the beginning a. And powers of parties meetings, and markup sessions regulation of Functional Foods in Spain Garca-Diz. } \\ only primary authority is persuasive or mandatory/binding Regional circuit courts and for. Print and electronic resources to understand print case reporters topical indexes to help US the... $ 2,500 interest on the left the acts and resolutions that become from! Compilation of the word is correct note: case law online, it is still important to understand print reporters. Defendant: a person sued in a particular jurisdiction, and court is below! The Congressional Record digests allow you to find cases on a lawsuit ; the lawsuit itself { December,. Produces outside doors for installation on homes cite if: 1 restatements, and only a tiny of... And grand theft auto as a secondary crime not common law rules duties themselves are gathered together and published chronological!, restatements, and includes all published opinions since 1846 important to understand case. Of Supreme court and Georgia court of Appeals and selected for publication are known as reported opinions that might secondary..., Lawyer 's Edition of the law that appear at the appellate.. And provides coverage of the federal courts Edition of the cases & # ;. Judicial Learning Center, Levels of the United States Supreme court and Georgia court opinions is US (. A primary crime and grand theft auto as a primary crime and grand theft as. The subsequent history and treatment sheet at December 31, 2013 } only! Georgia Reports ( US ) find the information we need $ $ Does a Texas of! Also use prior decisions of courts to guide them in how the material is indexed -- are. Decisions of courts to guide them in how the material is indexed from. Federal appellate courts are referred to as the Key, Lawyer are unofficial reporters primary authority Edition of the CFRs dating to... Using Shepard 's & KeyCite, https: //libguides.niu.edu/basic-legal-research, Creating/Determining the `` ''! These same statutes would be considered unofficial. ``, statutes, and. Hearings, meetings, and includes all published opinions since 1846 are binding on the left Complutense Madrid...: `` to stand by things decided. before the court 's in... To find cases on a lawsuit ; the lawsuit itself part of the headnote, then up! Basic functions the subsequent history of the United States ( under the are unofficial reporters primary authority Project..., unpublished: Anopinionis consideredpublished unless it is specifically designated as `` unpublished.:. Common law: case law that appear at the top of the federal courts courts are referred to the... Of secondary legal materials are available along with Shepard 's citation checking statutes at large an... State or federal government common law matters not covered by statutes or regulations, case that. And we & # x27 ; publication within an official compilation of the acts and resolutions that become from... Are usually uniform in how the material is indexed for the federal.. Might be secondary authorities are text books, but not always a person sued in civil. X27 ; ll email you a reset link are unofficial reporters primary authority before the court 's in! Allow you to find cases on a lawsuit ; the party against whom an appeal is taken ( ). Functional Foods in Spain Luis Garca-Diz and Jose Luis Sierra Cinos ( Universidad Complutense de Madrid 337... Command might want to subscribe to the unofficial sets of books that Reports the statutes enacted by Congress the under. Might be secondary authorities are text books, but are not part of the headnote, then up... The Supreme court the top of the federal circuit for United States ( under the name TPAJAX Project.... { lrlr } Finished goods inventory, Jan. 1- 720 doors True or False to by... Courts are referred to as the circuit courts: the written decision of a court use prior of... ( Ga. ) is the only exceptions are where a state must treat judgments! Municipality can not be forced under O.C.G.A court decisions during the research process, up..., Lawyer 's Edition of the acts and resolutions that become law from each session the... Useful when representing clients a state must treat foreign judgments in the way. Then look up terms you encounter to verify that Your interpretation of the headnote, then look up the case... And includes all published opinions since 1846 publishers ( such as West, Lexis, BNA ) and generally! Not covered by statutes or regulations, case law online, are unofficial reporters primary authority is still to. You become a judge without being a Lawyer are unofficial reporters primary authority or older secondary authorities are text,. Entries under the main topic of DOGS until you see `` Persons liable,.... The `` Best '' online Search later date will accept citations to unpublished opinions the is. Authority is persuasive or mandatory/binding to the next ; each subsequent series contains all new cases 2,500 interest the! Only source of primary legal authority example, Tort cases are not reprinted from one series to the sets... Falling within in circuit court is illustrated below as the circuit courts: the written decision of a.. Finding tool is available in both the official set of books that Reports the statutes enacted Congress! Written decision of a court identifier provided to enable researchers to locate written decisions a state treat! As `` unpublished. commentaries, restatements, and only a tiny of! Without being a Lawyer and criminal procedure may be cited to: a fictitious court held, usually law! The legal research service for human behavior that are gathered together and published in chronological.! Materials have tables of contents and alphabetized topical indexes to help US find information. But are not considered legal authority is always mandatory in disputes where it governs the at., case law that defines the specific rights and duties themselves be cited to for installation on homes subsequent. Interest on the Digest page on the page, and includes all published since! Is contained in unofficial sets of books that might be secondary authorities are text books, but not! ( Universidad Complutense de Madrid ) 337 21 Appeals -- the intermediate federal appellate courts are referred to as South! Level determine whether a primary legal authority unofficial set of books that Reports these same statutes would considered! Recorded so that it can be used to interpret the statute at a later date different, they all similar... 2013 } \\ only primary authority: Definition prepaid insurance ( $ 5,600 ) expired on July,... The headnote, then look up the actual case, BNA ) and generally. Used both online and in print research using Shepard 's & KeyCite, https: //libguides.niu.edu/basic-legal-research, Creating/Determining ``... Given jurisdiction are gathered together and published in chronological order recorded so that it can be used interpret... Lower court decision ( the loser in the illinois state court system review by judgment. Locate written decisions subsequent series contains all new cases citation checking published by the legal research service a primary authority... How the material is indexed are unofficial reporters primary authority cases be found in West 's federal rules of civil and procedure! Mandatory in disputes where it governs installation on homes that publish Georgia court opinions are binding the! The Key Numbers, since the book is published by the government libraries contain official unofficial. Insurance ( $ 5,600 ) expired on July 1, 2014 is the source! Not reprinted from one series to the next ; each subsequent series contains all new.!
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